Tobacco and Hypertension

• Smoking and smokeless tobacco raise blood pressure
• Heavy smoking (e.g., machine-rolled cigarettes) increases hypertension risk significantly by ~50% (HR: 1.5) (Singh et al., 2022).
• Smokeless tobacco is linked to high blood pressure, especially among women in rural India (Mishra et al., 2022).
• Combined use with obesity and alcohol amplifies risk